Functional peptides are peptides that play an important regulatory role in the body. They not only have the same amino acid composition as homologous proteins, but also have better digestion and absorption performance than proteins, so they can maintain and improve the nutritional status of proteins. Functional peptides widely exist in organisms, and their composition is low molecular protein with less than 50 amino acids. Peptides with functional regulation can be synthesized and released in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine and heart of human body. Functional peptides are widely used in food industry, cosmetics industry and medical field.
Functional peptides have the characteristics of easy digestion and absorption and fast absorption, so they can be used as nutrients for special patients, especially intestinal nutrients and liquid food in the digestive system. They can be used in convalescent patients, the elderly with digestive function decline and infant food with immature digestive function. Moreover, functional peptides have low antigenic function and can be used to produce functional health food such as reducing cholesterol, lowering blood pressure, preventing cardiovascular diseases and protein supply for obese patients, as well as non-allergenic health food such as infant milk powder and dessert.
Functional peptides have unique effects in beauty. For example, bone glue peptides can significantly improve the low synthesis of collagen related to aging, so as to improve the condition of skin. Collagen polypeptide is rich in hydrophilic moisturizing factors, which can conserve skin moisture and make skin have good affinity and elasticity.
Some functional peptides such as neurotensin can inhibit the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), because ACE in blood vessels can convert angiotensin I into angiotensin II, which can constrict peripheral blood vessels and increase blood pressure. In this regard, soybean polypeptide, rice polypeptide and collagen polypeptide can significantly inhibit the activity of ACE and reduce blood pressure.
Functional peptides can also reduce cholesterol. For example, functional peptides such as soybean polypeptide and mung bean polypeptide can reduce cholesterol in serum. They can hinder the reabsorption of cholesterol in the intestine and promote its excretion from the body.
Functional peptides such as somatostatin can inhibit the internal and external secretion of gastrointestinal tract, reduce the release of gastric acid and pepsin and pancreatic secretion, reduce gastrointestinal peristalsis and gallbladder contraction, and reduce the blood flow velocity of portal vein. Therefore, it can be used for conservative treatment of gastric bleeding.