Acetyl tetrapeptide-3

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of an herbal extract combination comprising biochanin A, acetyl tetrapeptide-3, and ginseng extracts, and compare this to 3% minoxidil solution for the treatment of andogenetic alopecia (AGA). METHODS: A 24-week, triple-blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted in male and female subjects (N=32) with mild to moderate AGA. All were randomized to receive twice-daily, 1mL applications of the herbal extract combination or 3% minoxidil solution. Clinical efficacy from photographic assessment and adverse reactions were evaluated. RESULTS: There were thirty-two subjects (16 male, mean age 41.3±13.8 years), with AGA onset and duration of 35.5±13.6 and 6.5±5.1 years, respectively. The herbal extract combination demonstrated a comparable efficacy to 3% minoxidil solution. Expert panel photographic assessment observed a response to both treatments in most patients at 24 weeks, with no statistically significant difference in an increase of terminal hair counts (8.3% [P=0.009] and 8.7% [P=0.002] at 24 weeks in the herbal extract combinations and the 3% minoxidil solution groups, respectively). No local adverse reactions from the herbal extract combination were observed, but one subject developed scalp eczema after using the 3% minoxidil solution. CONCLUSION: The non-significant difference in clinical efficacy and safety to 3% minoxidil solution suggests that the herbal extract combination evaluated here could potentially be an alternative treatment with for AGA. Further studies with larger groups and longer follow-up periods are recommended to verify our results.

The aims of this study were to investigate the utility of solid microneedle arrays (150 µm in length) in enhancing transdermal delivery of peptides and to examine the relationship between peptide permeation rates and D2O flux. Four model peptides were used (Gly-Gln-Pro-Arg [tetrapeptide-3, 456.6 Da], Val-Gly-Val-Ala-Pro-Gly [hexapeptide, 498.6 Da], AC-Glu-Glu-Met-Gln-Arg-Arg-NH2 [acetyl hexapeptide-3, 889 Da] and Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 [oxytocin, 1007.2 Da]). The influence of microneedle pretreatment on skin permeation was evaluated using porcine ear skin with Franze diffusion cell. Peptide permeation across the skin was significantly enhanced by microneedle pretreatment, and permeation rates were dependent on peptide molecular weights. A positive correlation between D2O flux and acetyl hexapeptide-3 clearances suggests that convective solvent flow contributes to the enhanced transdermal peptide delivery. It is concluded that solid microneedle arrays are effective devices to enhance skin delivery of peptides.