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Application Area

Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl

* Please kindly note that our products are not to be used for therapeutic purposes and cannot be sold to patients.

Category

BOC-Amino Acids

Catalog number

BAT-000800

Molecular Formula

C17H26N6O5·HCl

Molecular Weight

430.9

Synonyms

tert-Butyl (5-guanidino-1-((4-nitrophenyl)amino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl)carbamate hydrochloride

Storage

Store at 2-8 °C

Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl, a peptide nucleic acid derivative, is a versatile compound utilized in the fields of molecular biology and medicinal chemistry. Here are the key applications of Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl, presented with a high degree of perplexity and burstiness:

Antisense Therapy: The prowess of Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl shines in antisense therapy, where it binds to specific mRNA sequences, effectively stalling their translation into proteins. This strategic maneuver downregulates genes associated with afflictions like cancer and genetic disorders, offering a meticulous and targeted therapeutic strategy. By stifling the production of detrimental proteins, antisense compounds wield precision in combatting diseases at their genetic core.

Gene Detection and Diagnostics: The alluring affinity of Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl towards complementary nucleic acid sequences elevates its utility in diagnostic realms. Embracing techniques like fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), it excels in detecting DNA or RNA sequences in clinical samples. This capability plays a pivotal role in diagnosing genetic abnormalities and pinpointing infectious agents at a molecular echelon, unlocking crucial insights into disease etiology and progression.

Molecular Probes: As a molecular probe in biological assays, Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl dazzles when paired with fluorescent markers to visually uncover specific nucleic acids within cellular landscapes. This functionality empowers researchers to delve into gene expression nuances and the spatial distribution of RNA molecules, illuminating intricate cellular ballets with surgical precision and unveiling the orchestration of vital biological processes.

Synthetic Biology: Navigating the labyrinthine expanse of synthetic biology, Boc-DL-Arg-PNA HCl emerges as a pivotal player in sculpting synthetic gene networks and regulatory elements. Crafting PNA sequences that seamlessly intertwine with natural or synthetic DNA/RNA, scientists attain mastery over gene expression modulation and the architecting of artificial biological systems. This application resonates profoundly in the pursuit of pioneering biotechnological marvels and therapeutic breakthroughs, ushering in a new era of innovation and discovery.

1. Standardized Hybrid Closed-Loop System Reporting

Viral N Shah, Satish K Garg Diabetes Technol Ther. 2021 May;23(5):323-331. doi: 10.1089/dia.2020.0622. Epub 2020 Nov 25.

The hybrid closed-loop (HCL) system has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce hypoglycemia. Optimization of HCL settings requires interpretation of the glucose, insulin, and factors affecting glucose such as food intake and exercise. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published guidance on the standardized reporting of HCL systems. Standardization of HCL reporting would make interpretation of data easy across different systems. We reviewed the literature on patient and provider perspectives on downloading and reporting glucose metric preferences. We also incorporated international consensus on standardized reporting for glucose metrics. We describe a single-page HCL data reporting, referred to here as "artificial pancreas (AP) Dashboard." We propose seven components in the AP Dashboard that can provide detailed information and visualization of glucose, insulin, and HCL-specific metrics. The seven components include (A) glucose metrics, (B) hypoglycemia, (C) insulin, (D) user experience, (E) hyperglycemia, (F) glucose modal-day profile, and (G) insight. A single-page report similar to an electrocardiogram can help providers and patients interpret HCL data easily and take the necessary steps to improve glycemic outcomes. We also describe the optimal sampling duration for HCL data download and color coding for visualization ease. We believe that this is a first step in creating a standardized HCL reporting, which may result in better uptake of the systems. For increased adoption, standardized reporting will require input from providers, patients, diabetes device manufacturers, and regulators.

2. Biology and Treatment of Hairy Cell Leukemia

Jérôme Paillassa, Xavier Troussard Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2020 Apr 30;21(6):44. doi: 10.1007/s11864-020-00732-0.

Despite its rarity, hairy cell leukemia (HCL) remains a fascinating disease and the physiopathology is becoming more and more understood. The accurate diagnosis of HCL relies on the recognition of hairy cells by morphology and flow cytometry (FCM) in the blood and/or bone marrow (BM). The BRAF V600E mutation, an HCL-defining mutation, represents a novel diagnostic parameter and a potential therapeutic target. The precise cellular origin of HCL is a late-activated postgerminal center memory B cell. BRAF mutations were detected in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of patients with HCL, suggesting that this is an early HCL-defining event. Watch-and-wait strategy is necessary in approximately 10% of asymptomatic HCL patients, sometimes for several years. Purine analogs (PNAs) are the established first-line options for symptomatic HCL patients. In second-line treatment, chemoimmunotherapy combining PNA plus rituximab should be considered in high-risk HCL patients. The three options for relapsed/refractory HCL patients include recombinant immunoconjugates targeting CD22, BRAF inhibitors, and BCR inhibitors. The clinical interest to investigate blood minimal residual disease (MRD) was recently demonstrated, with a high risk of relapse in patients with positive testing for MRD and a low risk in patients with negative testing. However, efforts must be made to standardize MRD analyses in the near future. Patients with HCL are at risk of second malignancies. The increased risk could be related to the disease and/or the treatment, and the respective role of PNAs in the development of secondary malignancies remains a topic of debate.