DL-β-Aminobutyric acid
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DL-β-Aminobutyric acid

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DL-β-Aminobutyric acid is one of the three positional isomer of the chemical compound butryric acid. DL-β-Aminobutyric acid is a nonprotein amino acid. DL-β-Aminobutyric acid has been shown to be a plant defense primer that suppresses growth of some insect herbivores when applied as a root drench.

Category
β−Amino Acids
Catalog number
BAT-006858
CAS number
541-48-0
Molecular Formula
C4H9NO2
Molecular Weight
103.12
DL-β-Aminobutyric acid
IUPAC Name
3-aminobutanoic acid
Synonyms
H-DL-Ala-(C#CH2)OH; H-DL-β-homoAla-OH; (±)-3-Aminobutanoic acid
Appearance
Off-White Solid
Purity
98%
Density
1.105 g/cm3
Melting Point
181-185 °C
Boiling Point
223.6°C at 760 mmHg
Storage
Store at RT
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c1-3(5)2-4(6)7/h3H,2,5H2,1H3,(H,6,7)
InChI Key
OQEBBZSWEGYTPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES
CC(CC(=O)O)N
1. DL-beta-aminobutyric acid-induced resistance of potato against Phytophthora infestans requires salicylic acid but not oxylipins
Lennart Eschen-Lippold, Simone Altmann, Sabine Rosahl Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2010 May;23(5):585-92. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-23-5-0585.
Inducing systemic resistance responses in crop plants is a promising alternative way of disease management. To understand the underlying signaling events leading to induced resistance, functional analyses of plants defective in defined signaling pathway steps are required. We used potato, one of the economically most-important crop plants worldwide, to examine systemic resistance against the devastating late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans, induced by treatment with dl-beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA). Transgenic plants impaired in either the 9-lipoxygenase pathway, which produces defense-related compounds, or the 13-lipoxygenase pathway, which generates jasmonic acid-derived signals, expressed wild-type levels of BABA-induced resistance. Plants incapable of accumulating salicylic acid (SA), on the other hand, failed to mount this type of induced resistance. Consistently, treatment of these plants with the SA analog 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid restored BABA-induced resistance. Together, these results demonstrate the indispensability of a functional SA pathway for systemic resistance in potato induced by BABA.
2. DL-β-aminobutyric acid-induced resistance in soybean against Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Yunpeng Zhong, Biao Wang, Junhui Yan, Linjing Cheng, Luming Yao, Liang Xiao, Tianlong Wu PLoS One. 2014 Jan 15;9(1):e85142. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085142. eCollection 2014.
Priming can improve plant innate capability to deal with the stresses caused by both biotic and abiotic factors. In this study, the effect of DL-β-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA) against Aphis glycines Matsumura, the soybean aphid (SA) was evaluated. We found that 25 mM BABA as a root drench had minimal adverse impact on plant growth and also efficiently protected soybean from SA infestation. In both choice and non-choice tests, SA number was significantly decreased to a low level in soybean seedlings drenched with 25 mM BABA compared to the control counterparts. BABA treatment resulted in a significant increase in the activities of several defense enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), chitinase (CHI), and β-1, 3-glucanase (GLU) in soybean seedlings attacked by aphid. Meanwhile, the induction of 15 defense-related genes by aphid, such as AOS, CHS, MMP2, NPR1-1, NPR1-2, and PR genes, were significantly augmented in BABA-treated soybean seedlings. Our study suggest that BABA application is a promising way to enhance soybean resistance against SA.
3. β-Aminobutyric Acid Induced Resistance against Alternaria Fruit Rot in Apple Fruits
Lior Gur, Moshe Reuveni, Yigal Cohen J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Jul 14;7(7):564. doi: 10.3390/jof7070564.
Fruit body rot and calyx rot caused by Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali is an important disease of apple worldwide. The disease has recently become severe in cv. Pink Lady apple in Israel to an extent that has never been reported elsewhere in the world. No alternative control measures of the disease except fungicides are known. Here, we show for the first time that dl-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) induces resistance against Alternaria fruit rot (AFR) in apple fruits in the laboratory and in the orchard. AFR was inhibited in fruits treated with BABA of 1000 μg/mL. BABA did not inhibit spore germination or mycelial growth of the pathogen in vitro (up to 2000 μg/mL). It was most inhibitory when applied 4 days prior to inoculation of detached fruits. BABA inhibited AFR also curatively when applied at 24 h post inoculation. Five other isomers of aminobutyric acid failed to protect the fruits from rot formation. Three field trials in commercial apple orchards proved that BABA was as protective against AFR as the commercial standard fungicidal mixture of azoxystrobin and difenoconazole. This research suggests that BABA may serve as a resistance inducer in apple against AFR. It can be used as an adequate alternative to the currently used fungicides or integrated in disease management programs to reduce fungicide load and buildup of fungicide resistance.
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