DL-Propargylglycine

KEY MESSAGE: In hulless barley, H 2 S mediated increases in H 2 O 2 induced by putrescine, and their interaction enhanced tolerance to UV-B by maintaining redox homeostasis and promoting the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. This study investigated the possible relationship between putrescence (Put), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as the underlying mechanism of their interaction in reducing UV-B induced damage. UV-B radiation increased electrolyte leakage (EL) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and UV-absorbing compounds but reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents. Exogenous application of Put, H2S or H2O2 reduced some of the above-mentioned negative effects, but were enhanced by the addition of Put, H2S and H2O2 inhibitors. Moreover, the protective effect of Put against UV-B radiation-induced damage to hulless barley was diminished by DL-propargylglycine (PAG, a H2S biosynthesis inhibitor), hydroxylamine (HT, a H2S scavenger), diphenylene iodonium (DPI, a PM-NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a ROS scavenger), and the effect of Put on H2O2 accumulation was abolished by HT.

Thymol, a monoterpene phenol derivative of cymene, is found in abundance in the essential oils of Thymus, Origanum, and Lippia species. The present study investigated the gastroprotective actions of thymol (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) in the acute (ethanol- and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced ulcers) and chronic (acetic acid-induced ulcers) ulcer models in rats. Some of the mechanisms underlying to the gastroprotective effect of thymol were investigated in the ethanol-induced ulcer model. Gastric secretion parameters (volume, pH, and total acidity) were also evaluated by the pylorus ligature model, and the mucus in the gastric content was determined. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of thymol was performed using the agar-well diffusion method. Thymol (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) produced dose dependent reduction (P < 0.01) on the total lesion area in the ethanol-induced ulcer model. The gastroprotective response caused by thymol (30 mg/kg) was significantly attenuated (P < 0.

Interactions between perivascular tissue (PVT) and the vascular wall modify artery tone and contribute to local blood flow regulation. Using isometric myography, fluorescence microscopy, membrane potential recordings and phosphospecific immunoblotting, we investigated the cellular mechanisms by which PVT affects constriction and relaxation of rat coronary septal arteries. PVT inhibited vasoconstriction to thromboxane, serotonin and α1 -adrenergic stimulation but not to depolarization with elevated extracellular [K(+) ]. When PVT was wrapped around isolated arteries or placed at the bottom of the myograph chamber, a smaller yet significant inhibition of vasoconstriction was observed. Resting membrane potential, depolarization to serotonin or thromboxane stimulation, and resting and serotonin-stimulated vascular smooth muscle [Ca(2+) ]-levels were unaffected by PVT. Serotonin-induced vasoconstriction was almost abolished by rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 and modestly reduced by protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide X.

OBJECTIVE: Infrarenal aortic cross-clamping (IAC) is a common procedure during infrarenal vascular operations. It often causes ischemia-reperfusion injury to lower limbs, resulting in systemic inflammation response and damage to remote organs (particularly lungs). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous mediator that has been shown to have a protective effect against lung injury.