1.Effects of Tributyltin Chloride on Cybrids with or without an ATP Synthase Pathologic Mutation.
López-Gallardo E1,2,3, Llobet L1,2,3, Emperador S1,2,3, Montoya J1,2,3, Ruiz-Pesini E1,2,3,4. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Apr 29. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: The oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) includes nuclear chromosome (nDNA)- and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded polypeptides. Many rare OXPHOS disorders, such as striatal necrosis syndromes, are due to genetic mutations. Despite important advances in sequencing procedures, causative mutations remain undetected in some patients. It is possible that etiologic factors, such as environmental toxins, are the cause of these cases. Indeed, the inhibition of a particular enzyme by a poison could imitate the biochemical effects of pathological mutations in that enzyme. Moreover, environmental factors can modify the penetrance or expressivity of pathological mutations.
2.Edaravone protects against cobalt chloride-induced dysfunctions in apoptosis and invasion in trophoblast cells.
Zheng Y1, Zhao Y1, Luo Q1, Liu X1, Liu X1, Hu Y1, Zou L1. Mol Reprod Dev. 2016 Apr 29. doi: 10.1002/mrd.22652. [Epub ahead of print]
This study was performed to investigate the effects of edaravone on hypoxia-induced trophoblast cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. The trophoblast cell line HTR-8 (H8) was treated with cobalt chloride (CoCl2 ) with or without a 1-hour edaravone pretreatment, followed by assessment of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Metrics of apoptosis included measurement of cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 (CASP3) activity as well as BAX and BCL2 expression. Migration and invasion phenotypes were complemented with expression analysis of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2) at the transcript and protein levels. CoCl2 inhibited the proliferation of H8 cells, promoted apoptosis, and up-regulated CASP3 activation and BAX expression while inhibiting BCL2 expression. CoCl2 treatment also reduced the invasiveness of H8 cells by inhibiting MMP2 activity.
3.Five 2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromones from Sodium Chloride-Elicited Aquilaria sinensis Cell Suspension Cultures.
Zhang Z1,2, Wang X3, Yang W4,5, Wang J6,7, Su C8,9, Liu X10, Li J11, Zhao Y12, Shi S13, Tu P14. Molecules. 2016 Apr 27;21(5). pii: E555.
Five 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones including a new one, (5S,6R,7S,8R)-5,8-dichloro-6,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromen-4-one (1), and four known ones (2-5), were isolated from 150 mM NaCl-elicited Aquilaria sinensis cell suspension cultures. In addition, three feruloyl amides (6-8), six nucleosides (9-14), (+)-syringaresinol (15), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (16), and two glycosides (17-18) were also obtained. The structures were unambiguously identified by analysis of their UV, IR, NMR, and HRESIMS data. The absolute configuration of the new 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone (1) was established by a dimolybdenum tetraacetate-induced circular dichroism experiment. Compared to un-elicited cell lines, the appearance of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones in NaCl-treated cells occurred on the 3rd and 5th days of their treatment. 2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromones, feruloyl amides, nucleosides, and lignins have been reported to be closely related to plant defense; therefore, the identification of these compounds from NaCl-elicited A.
