H-β-HoAsp HCl
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H-β-HoAsp HCl

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Category
β−Amino Acids
Catalog number
BAT-000874
CAS number
336182-10-6
Molecular Formula
C5H10CINO4
Molecular Weight
183.59
H-β-HoAsp HCl
IUPAC Name
3-aminopentanedioic acid;hydrochloride
Synonyms
β-Glutamic acid hydrochloride; beta-Glutamic acid hydrochloride; β-Homoaspartic acid hydrochloride; β-L-Glu-OH HCl; 3-aminopentanedioic acid hydrochloride
Appearance
White to off-white solid
Purity
≥ 99% (HPLC)
Melting Point
> 222 °C (dec.)
Storage
Store at 2-8 °C
InChI
InChI=1S/C5H9NO4.ClH/c6-3(1-4(7)8)2-5(9)10;/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10);1H
InChI Key
MMFFEGXUHLLGHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES
C(C(CC(=O)O)N)C(=O)O.Cl

H-β-HoAsp HCl, known scientifically as Homoarginine hydrochloride, is a non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative. It is synthesized by the addition of a guanidino group to aspartic acid, a standard amino acid. This compound is important in biochemical research due to its unique structural properties, which allow it to mimic the action of arginine in various biological processes. Homoarginine is a naturally occurring compound in the human body, albeit at low concentrations, and can be found in some proteins and peptides. Its study has garnered interest for its potential role in cardiovascular health and metabolic processes.

One key application of H-β-HoAsp HCl is in cardiovascular research. Studies have suggested that homoarginine may play a significant role in modulating cardiovascular functions. It is believed to be an influential factor in nitric oxide synthesis, which is crucial for vascular health. Researchers have been investigating its potential to serve as a biomarker for cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and arterial hypertension. Understanding homoarginine’s interaction with cardiovascular pathways could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for managing these conditions, highlighting its value in clinical settings.

Another important area of application for H-β-HoAsp HCl is metabolic health. Homoarginine has been implicated in energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, positioning it as a compound of interest in studying metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Some studies suggest that increased levels of homoarginine might correlate with improved insulin sensitivity and overall metabolic functioning. As a result, researchers are exploring whether supplementation or modulation of homoarginine levels might offer new avenues for treating or managing metabolic syndromes, making it a promising area for future research and development.

H-β-HoAsp HCl is also utilized in neurological research. There is ongoing investigation into its influence on neural communication and its potential neuroprotective effects. Homoarginine may influence the glutamatergic system, which is critical for learning and memory. As the search for effective treatments for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease intensifies, homoarginine’s ability to interact with neural pathways is being explored for therapeutic potential. Its neuromodulatory capabilities make it a compound of significant interest in the quest to understand and treat neurodegenerative conditions.

Lastly, H-β-HoAsp HCl has emerged as a significant player in cancer research. Its role in cell proliferation and apoptosis, which are essential aspects of cancer development and progression, is being extensively studied. Although still in the early stages, research into homoarginine’s ability to modulate these processes suggests that it may have potential as a therapeutic target or adjunct treatment in oncology. By influencing cellular mechanisms that govern growth and death, homoarginine could contribute to the development of new anticancer therapies, underscoring its relevance in this critical field of medical research.

1. Standardized Hybrid Closed-Loop System Reporting
Viral N Shah, Satish K Garg Diabetes Technol Ther. 2021 May;23(5):323-331. doi: 10.1089/dia.2020.0622. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
The hybrid closed-loop (HCL) system has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce hypoglycemia. Optimization of HCL settings requires interpretation of the glucose, insulin, and factors affecting glucose such as food intake and exercise. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published guidance on the standardized reporting of HCL systems. Standardization of HCL reporting would make interpretation of data easy across different systems. We reviewed the literature on patient and provider perspectives on downloading and reporting glucose metric preferences. We also incorporated international consensus on standardized reporting for glucose metrics. We describe a single-page HCL data reporting, referred to here as "artificial pancreas (AP) Dashboard." We propose seven components in the AP Dashboard that can provide detailed information and visualization of glucose, insulin, and HCL-specific metrics. The seven components include (A) glucose metrics, (B) hypoglycemia, (C) insulin, (D) user experience, (E) hyperglycemia, (F) glucose modal-day profile, and (G) insight. A single-page report similar to an electrocardiogram can help providers and patients interpret HCL data easily and take the necessary steps to improve glycemic outcomes. We also describe the optimal sampling duration for HCL data download and color coding for visualization ease. We believe that this is a first step in creating a standardized HCL reporting, which may result in better uptake of the systems. For increased adoption, standardized reporting will require input from providers, patients, diabetes device manufacturers, and regulators.
2. Dissociative recombination of HCl+, H2Cl+, DCl+, and D2Cl+ in a flowing afterglow
Justin P Wiens, Thomas M Miller, Nicholas S Shuman, Albert A Viggiano J Chem Phys. 2016 Dec 28;145(24):244312. doi: 10.1063/1.4972063.
Dissociative recombination of electrons with HCl+, H2Cl+, DCl+, and D2Cl+ has been measured under thermal conditions at 300, 400, and 500 K using a flowing afterglow-Langmuir probe apparatus. Measurements for HCl+ and DCl+ employed the variable electron and neutral density attachment mass spectrometry (VENDAMS) method, while those for H2Cl+ and D2Cl+ employed both VENDAMS and the more traditional technique of monitoring electron density as a function of reaction time. At 300 K, HCl+ and H2Cl+ recombine with kDR = 7.7±2.14.5 × 10-8 cm3 s-1 and 2.6 ± 0.8 × 10-7 cm3 s-1, respectively, whereas D2Cl+ is roughly half as fast as H2Cl+ with kDR = 1.1 ± 0.3 × 10-7 cm3 s-1 (2σ confidence intervals). DCl+ recombines with a rate coefficient below the approximate detection limit of the method (≲5 × 10-8 cm3 s-1) at all temperatures. Relatively slow dissociative recombination rates have been speculated to be responsible for the large HCl+ and H2Cl+ abundances in interstellar clouds compared to current astrochemical models, but our results imply that the discrepancy must originate elsewhere.
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