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Hepcidin-1 (mouse)

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Two kinds of hepcidin are found in mice. Hepcidin-1, a homolog of human Hepcidin-25 in serum, may be involved in murine brain iron metabolism. Hepcidin-2 is a pentapeptide with different sequences in urine.

Category

Functional Peptides

Catalog number

BAT-014595

CAS number

1676104-75-8

Molecular Formula

C111H169N31O35S8

Molecular Weight

2754.28

Specification
Reference Reading

IUPAC Name

(3S)-3-amino-4-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(1R,4R,7S,10S,13R,18R,21R,24S,30R,33S,36S,39S,42S,45R,50R,53S)-53-(4-aminobutyl)-18-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(1S,2R)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]carbamoyl]-39,42-bis(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-33-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-7-benzyl-10,24-bis[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-36-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,9,12,20,23,26,29,32,35,38,41,44,52,55,60-hexadecaoxo-15,16,47,48,57,58,63,64-octathia-2,5,8,11,19,22,25,28,31,34,37,40,43,51,54,61-hexadecazatetracyclo[28.25.4.44,21.245,50]pentahexacontan-13-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid

Synonyms

H-Asp-Thr-Asn-Phe-Pro-Ile-Cys-Ile-Phe-Cys-Cys-Lys-Cys-Cys-Asn-Asn-Ser-Gln-Cys-Gly-Ile-Cys-Cys-Lys-Thr-OH (Disulfide bridge: Cys7-Cys23, Cys10-Cys22, Cys11-Cys19, Cys13-Cys14); L-alpha-aspartyl-L-threonyl-L-asparagyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-isoleucyl-L-cysteinyl-L-isoleucyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-cysteinyl-L-lysyl-L-cysteinyl-L-cysteinyl-L-asparagyl-L-asparagyl-L-seryl-L-glutaminyl-L-cysteinyl-glycyl-L-isoleucyl-L-cysteinyl-L-cysteinyl-L-lysyl-L-threonine (7->23),(10->22),(11->19),(13->14)-tetrakis(disulfide); L-α-Aspartyl-L-threonyl-L-asparaginyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-N-[(1R,4R,7S,10S,13R,18R,21R,24S,30R,33S,36S,39S,42S,45R,50R,53S)-53-(4-aminobutyl)-18-{[(2S)-6-amino-1-{[(1S,2R)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl]amino}-1-oxo-2-hexanyl]carbamoyl}-39,42-bis(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-33-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-7-benzyl-10,24-di[(2S)-2-butanyl]-36-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6,9,12,20,23,26,29,32,35,38,41,44,52,55,60-hexadecaoxo-15,16,47,48,57,58,63,64-octathia-2,5,8,11,19,22,25,28,31,34,37,40,43,51,54,61-hexadecaazatetracyclo[28.25.4.44,21.245,50]pentahexacont-13-yl]-L-isoleucinamide

Appearance

White Powder

Purity

≥95%

Density

1.5±0.1 g/cm3

Boiling Point

2726.8±65.0°C at 760 mmHg

Sequence

DTNFPICIFCCKCCNNSQCGICCKT (Disulfide bridge: Cys7-Cys23, Cys10-Cys22, Cys11-Cys19, Cys13-Cys14)

Storage

Store at -20°C

Solubility

Soluble in Water

InChI

InChI=1S/C111H169N31O35S8/c1-9-51(4)83-106(171)135-74-49-184-183-48-73(102(167)132-69-44-179-178-43-68(89(154)119-41-81(150)137-83)129-91(156)61(30-31-77(115)146)122-97(162)67(42-143)128-96(161)64(39-79(117)148)123-94(159)63(38-78(116)147)124-100(165)71-46-181-182-47-72(101(166)134-71)130-90(155)59(120-98(69)163)27-18-20-32-112)131-93(158)62(35-56-23-14-12-15-24-56)125-107(172)84(52(5)10-2)138-104(169)75(50-185-180-45-70(133-103(74)168)99(164)121-60(28-19-21-33-113)92(157)141-87(55(8)145)111(176)177)136-108(173)85(53(6)11-3)139-105(170)76-29-22-34-142(76)110(175)66(36-57-25-16-13-17-26-57)127-95(160)65(40-80(118)149)126-109(174)86(54(7)144)140-88(153)58(114)37-82(151)152/h12-17,23-26,51-55,58-76,83-87,143-145H,9-11,18-22,27-50,112-114H2,1-8H3,(H2,115,146)(H2,116,147)(H2,117,148)(H2,118,149)(H,119,154)(H,120,163)(H,121,164)(H,122,162)(H,123,159)(H,124,165)(H,125,172)(H,126,174)(H,127,160)(H,128,161)(H,129,156)(H,130,155)(H,131,158)(H,132,167)(H,133,168)(H,134,166)(H,135,171)(H,136,173)(H,137,150)(H,138,169)(H,139,170)(H,140,153)(H,141,157)(H,151,152)(H,176,177)/t51-,52-,53-,54+,55+,58-,59-,60-,61-,62-,63-,64-,65-,66-,67-,68-,69-,70-,71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-/m0/s1

InChI Key

KGTITKJUTWIGEA-SGOIEZHXSA-N

Canonical SMILES

CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC2CSSCC(C(=O)NC3CSSCC(C(=O)NCC(=O)N1)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C4CSSCC(C(=O)N4)NC(=O)C(NC3=O)CCCCN)CC(=O)N)CC(=O)N)CO)CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CSSCC(NC2=O)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C5CCCN5C(=O)C(CC6=CC=CC=C6)NC(=O)C(CC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CC(=O)O)N)C(C)CC)CC7=CC=CC=C7

1. Hepatic hepcidin/intestinal HIF-2α axis maintains iron absorption during iron deficiency and overload

Andrew J Schwartz, et al. J Clin Invest. 2019 Jan 2;129(1):336-348. doi: 10.1172/JCI122359. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Iron-related disorders are among the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Systemic iron homeostasis requires hepcidin, a liver-derived hormone that controls iron mobilization through its molecular target ferroportin (FPN), the only known mammalian iron exporter. This pathway is perturbed in diseases that cause iron overload. Additionally, intestinal HIF-2α is essential for the local absorptive response to systemic iron deficiency and iron overload. Our data demonstrate a hetero-tissue crosstalk mechanism, whereby hepatic hepcidin regulated intestinal HIF-2α in iron deficiency, anemia, and iron overload. We show that FPN controlled cell-autonomous iron efflux to stabilize and activate HIF-2α by regulating the activity of iron-dependent intestinal prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes. Pharmacological blockade of HIF-2α using a clinically relevant and highly specific inhibitor successfully treated iron overload in a mouse model. These findings demonstrate a molecular link between hepatic hepcidin and intestinal HIF-2α that controls physiological iron uptake and drives iron hyperabsorption during iron overload.

2. Functional analyses of recombinant mouse hepcidin-1 in cell culture and animal model

Yaghoub Yazdani, Neda Keyhanvar, Hamid Reza Kalhor, Abbas Rezaei Biotechnol Lett. 2013 Aug;35(8):1191-7. doi: 10.1007/s10529-013-1198-2. Epub 2013 Apr 4.

Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that plays an important role in iron metabolism. We have produced a recombinant mouse hepcidin-1 by using baculovirus expression system. Its expression yield was 25 μg/ml when cell culture media were supplemented with a protease inhibitor cocktail. The recombinant mouse hepcidin-1 and synthetic human hepcidin-25 had similar effects on reducing ferroportin expression in J774A cell line and in peritoneal macrophages. However, synthetic human hepcidin-25 was more efficient than recombinant mouse hepcidin-1 in reducing iron concentration in blood circulation (p < 0.01).

3. Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization

Elizabeta Nemeth, Marie S Tuttle, Julie Powelson, Michael B Vaughn, Adriana Donovan, Diane McVey Ward, Tomas Ganz, Jerry Kaplan Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2090-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1104742. Epub 2004 Oct 28.

Hepcidin is a peptide hormone secreted by the liver in response to iron loading and inflammation. Decreased hepcidin leads to tissue iron overload, whereas hepcidin overproduction leads to hypoferremia and the anemia of inflammation. Ferroportin is an iron exporter present on the surface of absorptive enterocytes, macrophages, hepatocytes, and placental cells. Here we report that hepcidin bound to ferroportin in tissue culture cells. After binding, ferroportin was internalized and degraded, leading to decreased export of cellular iron. The posttranslational regulation of ferroportin by hepcidin may thus complete a homeostatic loop: Iron regulates the secretion of hepcidin, which in turn controls the concentration of ferroportin on the cell surface.