1. Optically active: microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of L-lysine-derived poly (amide-imide)s
Ali Reza Alborzi, Saeed Zahmatkesh, Karim Zare, Javad Sadeghi Amino Acids. 2011 Jul;41(2):485-94. doi: 10.1007/s00726-010-0767-0. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
L-lysine hydrochloride was transformed to ethyl L-lysine dihydrochloride. This salt was reacted with trimellitic anhydride to yield the corresponding diacid (1). Microwave-assisted polycondensation results a series of novel Poly (amide-imide)s (PAI (a-i)). These polymers have inherent viscosities in the range of 0.23-0.66 dl g(-1), display optical activity from +8.02 to +15.11 (as there is no obvious regioselectivity between alpha and epsilon amino groups of the chiral diacid during the polymerization step then random orientation of diacid moieties along the polymer backbone can be predicted and the concept of "tacticity" cannot be addressed in this research), and are readily soluble in polar aprotic solvents. They start to decompose (T (10%)) above 362°C and display glass-transition temperatures at 119-153°C. All of the above polymers were fully characterized by UV, FT-IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analyses, DSC, inherent viscosity measurement and specific rotation.
2. Local Anesthetics Systemic Toxicity
R Jayanthi, Ksga Nasser, K Monica J Assoc Physicians India. 2016 Mar;64(3):92-93.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride is an amide ester, which is widely used local anesthetic agent that is well tolerated but what is less known is the occurrence of systemic toxicity which manifests in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. We report here 3 cases of Lidocaine associated Seizures.
3. [Pharmacovigilance update]
F Livio Rev Med Suisse. 2013 Jan 9;9(368):72-5.
Main pharmacovigilance updates in 2012 are reviewed here. Dabigatran: elderly patients with renal failure are at higher risk of bleeding. Dual renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade comprising aliskiren is harmful. Incretins: low risk of acute pancreatitis. Interaction between fusidic acid and statins: many reports of rhabdomyolysis. Interactions between boceprevir/telaprevir and antiretroviral therapies: complex, but manageable. Citalopram, ondansetron: maximum recommended doses are reduced. Atomoxetine: significant increase in blood pressure and heart rate in a fraction of exposed patients. Agomelatine: elevated liver enzymes are common. Fingolimod: bradycardia and heart blocks after first dose - stronger safety recommendations regarding use in patients with heart conditions and strengthened cardiovascular monitoring.
