Ponericin-G1

Artificial dressings composed of degradable polymer materials have a wide range of applications in skin repair. The structure and properties, in particular, the antibacterial properties, of the material surface are crucial for biological processes such as cell adhesion, proliferation, and skin regeneration. In this study, we aimed to prepare poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofiber scaffolds modified by polydopamine using electrospinning technology in order to produce polydopamine-modified degradable PLGA nanocomposites. The polydopamine-PLGA scaffold was endowed with excellent protein adhesion ability through the cross-linking of two biologically active factors, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and ponericin G1, significantly improving skin repair ability. The electrospun nanofiber scaffold was shown to have a structure similar to that of the natural cell matrix and created a more favorable microenvironment for cell growth. Surface modification by polydopamine dramatically improved the hydrophilicity of the nanofiber scaffold, increasing its ability to absorb active factors and its biocompatibility. The bFGF and ponericin G1 loaded onto the scaffold surface (PDA-PLGA/bFGF/ponericin G1 nanofiber scaffold) strongly promoted the antibacterial and cell proliferation-promoting properties and greatly enhanced the adhesion and proliferation of cells on the scaffold surface. The nanofiber scaffold also promoted wound healing and tissue collagen production in a rat wound healing model. Together, these findings indicate that the polydopamine-PLGA/bFGF/ponericin G1 nanofiber scaffold exhibits good biocompatibility and antibacterial properties, suggesting that it possesses potential value for skin tissue regeneration applications.

The surface modification of polymeric materials has become critical for improving the bone repair capability of materials. In this study, we used a poly-L-lysine (PLL) coating method to prepare functional poly (lactic acid-glycolic acid) (PLGA) cell microcarriers, and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) and ponericin G1 were immobilized on the surface of microcarriers. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurement, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to analyse the surface morphology of PLL-modified PLGA microcarriers (PLL@PLGA) and their ability to promote mineralization. At the same time, the growth factor binding efficiency and antimicrobial activity of the microcarriers were studied. The effects of microcarriers on cell behaviors were evaluated by cultivating MC3T3-E1 cells on different microcarriers. The results showed that the hydrophilicity, protein adsorption, and mineralization induction capability of the microcarriers were significantly improved by PLL surface modification. The biological experiments revealed that BMP-7 and ponericin G1 immobilized-PLL modified microcarriers can effectively inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms while enhancing the ability of the microcarriers to promote cell proliferation and osteogenesis differentiation. Therefore, we believe that PLL-modified PLGA cell microcarriers loaded with BMP-7 and ponericin G1 (PLL@PLGA/BMP-7/ponericin G1) have great potential in the field of bone repair.

One of the goals of bone tissue engineering is to create scaffolds with well-defined, inter-connected pores, excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductive ability. Three-dimensional (3D)-printed polymer scaffold coated with bioactive peptide are an effective approach to fabricating ideal bone tissue engineering scaffolds for bone defect repair. However, the current strategy of adding bioactive peptides generally cause degradation to the polymer materials or damage the bioactivity of the biomolecules. Thus, in this study, we used a biomimetic process via poly(dopamine) coating to prepare functional 3D PLGA porous scaffolds with immobilized BMP-2 and ponericin G1 that efficiently regulate the osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) and simultaneously inhibit of pathogenic microbes, thereby enhancing biological activity. In this study, we analysed a 3D PLGA porous scaffold by scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle measurements, and materials testing. Subsequently, we examined the adsorption, release and in vitro antimicrobial activity of the 3D PLGA. Surface characterization showed that poly(dopamine) surface modification could more efficiently mediate the immobilization of BMP-2 and ponericin G1 onto the scaffold surfaces than physical adsorption, and that ponericin G1-immobilized 3D PLGA scaffolds were able to maintain long-term antibacterial activity. We evaluated the influence on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation by culturing MC3T3-E1 cells on different modified 3D PLGA scaffolds in vitro. The biological results indicate that MC3T3-E1 cell attachment and proliferation on BMP-2/ponericin G1-immobilized 3D PLGA scaffolds were much higher than those on other groups. Calcium deposition, and gene expression results showed that the osteogenic differentiation of cells was effectively improved by loading the 3D PLGA scaffold with BMP-2 and ponericin G1. In summary, our findings indicated that the polydopamine-assisted surface modification method can be a useful tool for grafting biomolecules onto biodegradable implants, and the dual release of BMP-2 and ponericin G1 can enhance the osteointegration of bone implants and simultaneously inhibit of pathogenic microbes. Therefore, we conclude that the BMP-2/ponericin G1-loaded PLGA 3D scaffolds are versatile and biocompatible scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.