1.Histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced cancer stem cells exhibit high pentose phosphate pathway metabolism.
Debeb BG1,2, Lacerda L1,2, Larson R1,2, Wolfe AR1,2, Krishnamurthy S3,2, Reuben JM4,2, Ueno NT5,2, Gilcrease M3, Woodward WA1,2. Oncotarget. 2016 Apr 7. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8631. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: We recently demonstrated that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can "reprogram" differentiated triple-negative breast cancer cells to become quiescent stem-like cancer cells. We hypothesized that the metabolic state of such cells differs from that of their differentiated progeny.
2.Neutrophil Isolation and Analysis to Determine their Role in Lymphoma Cell Sensitivity to Therapeutic Agents.
Hirz T1, Dumontet C2. J Vis Exp. 2016 Mar 25;(109). doi: 10.3791/53846.
Neutrophils are the most abundant (40% to 75%) type of white blood cells and among the first inflammatory cells to migrate towards the site of inflammation. They are key players in the innate immune system and play major roles in cancer biology. Neutrophils have been proposed as key mediators of malignant transformation, tumor progression, angiogenesis and in the modulation of the antitumor immunity; through their release of soluble factors or their interaction with tumor cells. To characterize the specific functions of neutrophils, a fast and reliable method is coveted for in vitro isolation of neutrophils from human blood. Here, a density gradient separation method is demonstrated to isolate neutrophils as well as mononuclear cells from the blood. The procedure consists of layering the density gradient solution such as Ficoll carefully above the diluted blood obtained from patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), followed by centrifugation, isolation of mononuclear layer, separation of neutrophils from RBCsby dextran then lysis of residual erythrocytes.
3.Orientation-Selective Alignments of Hydroxyapatite Nanoblocks through Epitaxial Attachment in a and c Directions.
Nakamura K1, Nakagawa Y1, Kageyama H1, Oaki Y1, Imai H1. Langmuir. 2016 Apr 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Nanometric rods of hydroxyapatite (HA) were aligned in selective crystallographic directions by the alternation of adsorbing molecules. The side and end faces of HA nanorods elongated in the c direction were covered with oleic acid (OA) and tetraoctylammonium (TOA) ions, respectively. Alignment in the c direction of the OA-modified nanorods was produced through epitaxial attachment of the bare end faces in toluene because the side faces were hydrophobized with the negatively charged modifier. Another alignment-in the a direction of the TOA-modified HA nanorods-was obtained through the epitaxial attachment of the bare side faces in ethanol due to stabilization of the end faces with the positively charged modifier. Controlled alignments of the nanorods in the a and c directions were achieved through oriented attachment with the selective coverage of the c and a faces with the specific modifiers.
4.Omega-9 Oleic Acid Induces Fatty Acid Oxidation and Decreases Organ Dysfunction and Mortality in Experimental Sepsis.
Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF1, Medeiros-de-Moraes IM1, Oliveira FM1, Burth P2, Bozza PT1, Castro Faria MV3, Silva AR1, Castro-Faria-Neto HC1,4. PLoS One. 2016 Apr 14;11(4):e0153607. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153607.
Sepsis is characterized by inflammatory and metabolic alterations, which lead to massive cytokine production, oxidative stress and organ dysfunction. In severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are increased. Several NEFA are deleterious to cells, activate Toll-like receptors and inhibit Na+/K+-ATPase, causing lung injury. A Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil is beneficial. The main component of olive oil is omega-9 oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA). We analyzed the effect of OA supplementation on sepsis. OA ameliorated clinical symptoms, increased the survival rate, prevented liver and kidney injury and decreased NEFA plasma levels in mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). OA did not alter food intake and weight gain but diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NEFA plasma levels. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase IA (CPT1A) mRNA levels were increased, while uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) liver expression was enhanced in mice treated with OA.
