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Most of the purposes for which amino acids are needed call for resolved samples of the chiral amino acids. There are major limitations of supply involved in the dependence on a natural source for uncommon amino acids, and asymmetric synthesis has yet to be developed into a reliable general process. In any case, synthesis followed by resolution is usually a more attractive proposition for the supply of novel or uncommon amino acids in required amounts since, even if the other methods are at first sight more convenient, these also require separation stages and checks of optical purity. Here, BOC Sciences provide chiral resolution of amino acids.
Amino acids are the basic units that make up proteins. They are widely used in medicine, food and cosmetics industries. Most amino acids contain a chiral center. The two enantiomers of D-type and L-type have different physiological activities. Among them, L-amino acids can be directly used by the human body, and D-type amino acids must be converted into L-types in the body before being absorbed and utilized. Different types of D-type amino acids have different amounts and degrees of transformation in the body. Exceeding the conversion limit of this type of amino acid can result in D-type amino acids poisoning. Synthetic amino acids are mostly racemic amino acids. Chiral resolution of amino acids is of great significance for the production of related drugs and foods.
The D-type amino acids are favored by medical workers. Amino acids antibiotics mixed with D-type amino acids are difficult to be degraded by bacteria without causing resistance. This will undoubtedly provide a broader prospect for the use of antibiotics. At present, there are about 1,900 medicines used in the world, of which chiral medicines account for more than 50%; of the 200 commonly used medicines in clinic, more than 110 kinds are chiral medicines; more than 2/3 of the drugs under development are chiral. The preparation of enantiomerically pure chiral compounds is of great significance in the fields of life sciences, medicinal chemistry, fine chemistry, and materials chemistry.
Among the resolution methods of amino acids, the chemical resolution method is the method with the earliest research, the most mature mechanism and technology, and the most widely used method. We react racemates with optically active resolving agents (chiral reagents) to form diastereomers. The chiral resolution of amino acids is achieved by taking advantage of the property differences between diastereoisomers.
Membrane technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, large batch capacity, good stability, and continuous operation, and has good potential application prospects in the field of large-scale chiral resolution. We employ a variety of liquid and solid membranes to achieve membrane resolution of amino acid racemates.
Chromatography has the advantages of high efficiency, good selectivity, high sensitivity, simple operation, and low cost, and has become the main tool for chiral separation and analysis. Our high-performance liquid chromatography, high-performance capillary electrophoresis, and gas chromatography technologies can easily obtain optically pure amino acid enantiomers at the lowest cost and the fastest speed.
Enzymatic resolution has the advantages of high resolution efficiency, high stereoselectivity, mild reaction conditions, less environmental pollution, low cost, and easy industrialization. It is an effective means for preparing chiral amino acids. We have established a complete amino acid enzymatic resolution process, which can obtain single amino acid enantiomers with high yield and high selectivity.
Crystallization resolution has the characteristics of simple operation, low energy consumption, low pollution, high separation efficiency, and easy industrialization. We use crystallization techniques to isolate D-amino acid or L-amino acid crystals from solutions of racemic amino acids.
Extraction separation has the advantages of high separation efficiency, simple equipment, low cost, and continuous operation, and has a very good separation effect on amino acids. According to the principle of different solubility of amino acids in different solvents, we used conventional liquid-liquid extraction method to resolve amino acids.
Capillary electrophoresis has the advantages of simple operation, less sample consumption, high separation efficiency, less pollution and low cost, and has unique advantages in the field of chiral resolution of amino acids. We obtained amino acid enantiomers with high optical activity and high purity through capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) and other technologies.
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